What Is Lumbar Microdiscectomy Surgery?
A discectomy is the most common procedure to remove herniated discs in the lumbar region. In a discectomy procedure, neurosurgeons make a small incision over the affected area of the spine, then use special instruments to gently pull the nerve away to expose the ruptured disc and remove just enough of the disc to release the pressure on the spinal nerves caused by a bulging or slipped disc. Neurosurgeons close the incision with stitches or surgical tapes to complete the operation.
In a lumbar microdiscectomy surgery, neurosurgeons operate through a small incision at the level of the herniated disc through a microscope.
How Lumbar Microdiscectomy Surgery Is Performed
Neurosurgeons perform lumbar microdiscectomy surgery in a hospital or outpatient surgical center. The procedure is performed under general anesthesia (the patient is asleep and pain-free) or spinal anesthesia (the patient is injected with anesthesia to numb the spine). The operation goes as follows:
- The neurosurgeon makes a small incision about 1 to 1.5 inches, or 2.5 to 3.8 centimeters, on a patient's back, moving the back muscles away from the spine. The neurosurgeon uses a special microscope to view the bulging disc and nerves during surgery.
- Once the neurosurgeon locates the nerve root, it is gently pulled away to expose the affected discs.
- The neurosurgeon then removes the injured disc tissue and pieces of the disc.
- The back muscles are put back in place, and the neurosurgeon closes the surgical site with stitches or staples.
After the procedure, the spinal nerve has the space it needs inside the spinal column, so any pain caused by the pinched nerve should stop.
How Long Does a Lumbar Microdiscectomy Take?
A lumbar microdiscectomy takes about one to two hours
What To Expect After Lumbar Microdiscectomy Surgery?
Most can expect to get up, walk around when the anesthesia wears off, and leave the hospital the same day of the surgery or within 24 hours. Patients will likely have to meet with a physical and occupational therapist before going home for instructions on reducing bending, lifting and twisting while moving around.
If you have recently undergone a lumbar microdiscectomy surgery, you must get a recommendation from your treating physician for exercises to improve the strength and flexibility of the muscles around your spine and prevent future back problems.
Refrain from driving and sitting for a prolonged period, lifting heavy objects and bending over right after surgery. You may also have to reduce your workload or take some time off while recovering.
How Long Does It Take To Recover From A Lumbar Microdiscectomy?
Full microdiscectomy recovery typically takes about six weeks. With combined surgical treatment and rehabilitation, there is up to 20-25% chance that the affected disc will rupture or herniate again in your lifetime. Overall, lumbar microdiscectomy surgery has an outstanding track record for relieving pain from herniated disc symptoms. Although lumbar discectomy is a safe procedure, like any surgery, it comes with potential risks, such as nerve injury, infection or need for further surgery. Be sure to discuss the risks and benefits of the procedure with your doctor before making a decision.